Envirology

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Term Definition
Anthropogenic Emissions

These are emissions that result from human activities (e.g. the emissions from the combustion of petrol in an automobile) as opposed to emissions that occur naturally (biogenic emissions).
BEES

Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability, developed by the NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) Building and Fire Research Laboratory, http://www.bfrl.nist.gov/oae/software/bees/bees.html
Biogas

Biogas is methane produced by the fermentation of organic matter. In New Zealand, biogas is recovered from landfi lls and sewage.
Biogenic Emissions

These emissions are also known as non-anthropogenic emissions. They are not caused by human activity (e.g. the emissions from an erupting volcano or geyser).
Biosphere

The region on land, in the oceans, and in the atmosphere inhabited by living organisms
Bunker Fuels

Bunker fuels are fuels used in international marine transportation.
Cradle-to-Gate

Cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment defines all impacts of a material or product from all of its components and processes to produce a functional unit of the material or product.
downcycling

Downcycling is the recycling of a material into a material of lesser quality. The terms downcycle and downcycling were first used by Reiner Pilz of Pilz GmbH and Thornton Kay of Salvo Llp in 1993, along with the terms upcycle and upcycling. This term was popularized by William McDonough and Michael Braungart in their 2002 book Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things.
Feedstock

This is raw material directly used in the production of goods. This is not the same as fuel used to power the production process as this only indirectly contributes to the production of goods.
GECA

Good Environmental Choice Australia, http://www.geca.org.au/.
GWP

Global Warming Potentials (GWP) are calculated as the ratio of the radiative forcing of one kilogramme of greenhouse gas emitted to the atmosphere to that from one kilogramme of carbon dioxide over a period of time (e.g. 100 years).
LCA

life cycle assessment (LCA) is the compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life cycle
NZGBC

New Zealand Green Building Council, http://www.nzgbc.org.nz The New Zealand Green Building Council is an industry organisation dedicated to accelerating the development and adoption of market-based green building practices.
Sustainable

Sustainable: [to meet] the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” as defined in United Nations General Assembly (1987) Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document A/42/427 - Development and International Co-operation: Environment, retrieved on: 15 February 2009 from http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm
teratogenic

(adj) of or relating to substances or agents that can interfere with normal embryonic development
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